Showing posts with label Paper II. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Paper II. Show all posts

Thursday, November 29, 2018

2013 September UGC NET Solved Question Paper in Tourism Administration and Management, Paper II

1. Assertion (A): Voluntourism is about combining volunteer work with a vacation.
Reason (R): It doesn’t require any specific skills, just a helping attitude that makes a positive impact on the lives of locals of the destination visited.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)

2. According to survey of Solo woman travellers conducted by Trip Advisor India, which is the safest city in India?
(A) Mumbai
(B) New Delhi
(C) Ahmedabad
(D) Bangalore
Answer: (A)

3. Which of the following is an essential element of any technical definition of tourism?
(A) Expenditure
(B) Mode of transport
(C) Purpose of trip
(D) Type of accommodation
Answer: (C)

4. According to Medical tourism climate survey conducted in 2013, which are the three topmost leading medical tourism destinations today in terms of patient numbers?
(A) India, Thailand and USA
(B) India, Turkey and Costa Rica
(C) India, Malaysia and Mexico
(D) India, Malaysia and Thailand
Answer: (A)

5. Internal tourism means
(A) City tour
(B) City and State tour
(C) Domestic and Inbound tourism
(D) Countryside tour
Answer: (C)

6. Humayun Tomb’s significance has tremendously increased after it was made attractive product by
(A) UNESCO
(B) Ministry of Tourism
(C) Agha Khan Trust for Culture
(D) Archaeological Survey of India

7. Aitmaduddaula’s Tomb (father of Nurjahan and father-in-law of Emperor Jahangir) is situated in
(A) Delhi
(B) Fatehpur Sikri
(C) Lahore
(D) Agra
Answer: (D)

8. Which one of the following is correct matched?
(A) Khasis – Tribes of West Bengal
(B) Red – Original inhabitants Indians of North America
(C) Bhils – Tribes of Assam
(D) Todas – Tribes of Nagaland
Answer: (B)

9. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
(A) The Statue of Zeus                       – is in the Valley of Olympia (Rome)
(B) Stone Henge                                 – is erected in France
(C) The Leaning Tower                       – is one of the wonders of the middle ages and is in Pisa
(D) The Sphinx                                   – is situated in Babylon
Answer: (C)

10. Match an item List – I with an item in List - II:
List – I                                                List – II
(Personalities)                          (Musical instrument)
i. Ustad Amir Khan                            1. Tabala
ii. Zakir Hussain                                  2. Flute
iii. Pandit Ravi Shankar                      3. Sarangi
iv. Pandit Hari Prasad Chaurasia        4. Sitar
Codes:
       i ii iii iv
(A) 4 2 1 3
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 3 1 4 2
(D) 2 3 1 4
Answer: (C)
11. The Kailasa Temple at Ellora, the largest single piece of architectural wonder of the world was built by
(A) The Pallavas
(B) The Cholas
(C) The Rashtrakutas
(D) The Vijayanagara
Answer: (C)

12. Match an item in List-I with an item in the List-II:
List – I (Names of Dances)                                                     List – II (Name of States)
i. Brita or Vrita                                                                        1. Himachal Pradesh
ii. Bihu                                                                                    2. Bengal
iii. Hikat                                                                                  3. Assam
iv. Kolatam                                                                             4. Andhra Pradesh
Codes:
       i ii iii iv
(A) 2 3 1 4
(B) 3 4 2 1
(C) 4 1 2 3
(D) 1 2 3 4
Answer: (A)

13. Assertion (A): Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan and Sir Francis Drake made great ocean voyages to discover North and South America, Australia and New Zealand.
Reason (R): Development of the rudder, triangular sails and the mariner’s compass helped navigation and distant travel.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)

14. Which one of following pairs is correctly matched?
(A) Memphis businessman Kemmons Wilson thought of standardising motels into chain operation. He created the first Holiday Inn on the outskirts of Memphis, Tennessee.
(B) Willard Marriott created the first soda pop fountain in Quincy, Massachussetts with A & W fast food restaurant chain in 1928.
(C) Cecil B. Day opened the first budget hotel Travelodge in 1970.
(D) Stevens Hotel, later renamed as the Conrad Hilton had the distinction of being the first luxury hotel in America.
Answer: (A)

15. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
The International chains provided the following relationships to individual owners:
(A) Partnerships                                  – Providing professional managers, technicians, manuals systems etc. on the basis of management fees and a share of profits as incentive payment.
(B) Franchise                                       – Providing name and association against a fee
(C) Management Contract                  – Sharing equity and profits
(D) Conglomerates                              – Amalgamate their capital and their operations
Answer: (A)

16. Which date marked a major leap for mankind in travel? Orville and Wilbur Wright, bicycle manufacturers, flew the first engine driven aeroplane near Kitty Hwak, N.C. USA.
(A) November 15, 1902
(B) October 2, 1905
(C) November 11, 1900
(D) December 17, 1903
Answer: (D)

17. Which one does not apply to a coffee shop?
(A) 24-hour service
(B) Pre-plated service
(C) Formal atmosphere
(D) Lively music
Answer: (C)

18. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II:
List – I (International Airport)                                                            List – II (Location)
i. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport                                                 1. Guwahatiwww.ugcnet-info.blogspot.com
ii. Veer Savarkar International Airport                                               2. Hyderabad
iii. Shri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport                              3. Port Blair
iv. Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoli International Airport                         4. Amritsar
Codes:
       i ii iii iv
(A) 3 4 1 2
(B) 2 3 4 1
(C) 4 1 3 2
(D) 1 3 4 2
Answer: (B)

19. The e-ticketing system of the Indian Railways is capable of handling how many tickets per minute?
(A) 1800
(B) 2000
(C) 2200
(D) 2400
Answer: (B)

20. In which year Air India was Nationalised?
(A) 1948
(B) 1951
(C) 1953
(D) 1957
Answer: (C)
21. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II.
List – I (Name of Founder of Travel Agency)           List – II (Nature of Business)
i. Henry Wells                                                             1. Excursion Tours
ii. Richard Cox                                                            2. Bicycle Tours
iii. Thomas Cook                                                         3. Credit Card & Traveller’s Cheque
iv. John C. Dengler                                                     4. Serving British Army Regiment
Codes:
       i ii iii iv
(A) 3 2 1 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 3 4 1 2
(D) 1 4 3 2
Answer: (C)

22. Which was the steamship company that Thomas Cook used for bringing British tourists to India in 1878?
(A) Royale Meridian
(B) Star Cruise
(C) Royale Virgo
(D) Peninsular & Oriental
Answer: (D)

23. Which are the two famous tourist destinations that Thomas Cook used to conduct tour in India in the last quarter of 19th century?
(A) Aurangabad and Darjeeling
(B) Mahabalipuram and Ooty
(C) Agra and Gulmarg
(D) Delhi and Jaipur
Answer: (C)

24. Who is the founder president of IATO?
(A) Subash Goyale
(B) Ram Kohil
(C) Inder Sharma
(D) J.N. Katgara
Answer: (B)

25. Which type of travellers do not see travel as perk but rather as another source of stress?
(A) Leisure travellers
(B) Business travellers
(C) Free Independent travellers
(D) Vacationers
Answer: (B)

26. The concept of value within tourism is to
(A) provide good quality and more offers
(B) develop company systems and process
(C) help companies find ways to optimise the delivery of value
(D) provide more information on tourist product
Answer: (C)

27. The concept of marketing was evolved
(A) after the production approach
(B) after the economy Philosophy
(C) prior to the sales approach
(D) through the production, sales and then the marketing approach
Answer: (D)

28. Cognitive dissonance is caused
(A) during information research
(B) during purchase
(C) by post purchase conflict
(D) by pre-purchase conflict
Answer: (C)

29. The allocation for tourism sector in the Union Budget for 2013-14 is
(A) Rs. 1,269.66 crores
(B) Rs. 1,297.66 crores
(C) Rs. 1,110.96 crores
(D) Rs. 1,010.96 crores
Answer: (B)

30. Business philosophies can be identified within tourism sector as
(i) Product oriented company
(ii) Technology oriented company
(iii) Market oriented company
(iv) Sales oriented company
The candidate has to find the correct answer according to the code:
Codes:
(A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.
(B) (i) and (ii) are correct.
(C) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
(D) (i) and (iv) are correct.
Answer: (A)

31. Deductive research is one that helps in
(A) drawing inference from a general principle to a particular conclusion
(B) drawing from the evidence in the form of conclusion
(C) drawing conclusion on the basis of tentative facts
(D) deriving variables based on observation
Answer: (A)

32. The review of literature aims at
(A) Analysing the data
(B) Identifying the key variables
(C) Selecting Statistical tools
(D) Drawing conclusion
Answer: (B)

33. This consists of two lists of names of variables used in hypothesis generation and the meaning of each variable. The candidate has to match an item in one list with an item in the other:
List – I                                                            List – II
i. Independent variable                                   1. Independent variable other than the one manipulated in an experiment
ii. Explanatory variable                                   2. The effect in an experiment
iii. Dependent variable                                    3. Independent variable
iv. Extraneous variable                                    4. Manipulated variable in an experiment
Codes:
       i ii iii iv
(A) 2 3 1 4
(B) 4 3 2 1
(C) 3 1 4 2
(D) 1 2 3 4
Answer: (B)

34. Initiator is the person
(A) who has the financial authority within the group of people to make the purchase.
(B) who actually visits the travel agent and makes the purchase of the travel package.
(C) who actually goes on trip.
(D) who gathers information and starts the purchasing process.
Answer: (D)

35. Tourists who tend to search for authentic experience can be termed as
(A) Drifters
(B) Explorers
(C) Individual mass tourists
(D) Organised mass tourists
Answer: (B)

36. Which one of the following combination is the correct order of Doxey’s Irridex Index Model?
(A) Indifferent – Annoyance – Euphoric – Antagonistic
(B) Antagonistic – Indifferent – Annoyance – Euphoric
(C) Euphoric – Indifferent – Annoyance – Antagonistic
(D) Annoyance – Antagonistic – Indifferent – Euphoric
Answer: (C)

37. Which fundamental issue motivated F.W. Taylor to create a more scientific approach to management?
(A) Work effectiveness
(B) Work place safety
(C) Work efficiency
(D) Worker absenteeism and turnover
Answer: (C)

38. Fayol’s principles of management does not include
(A) Equality
(B) Discipline
(C) Unity of command
(D) Division of work
Answer: (A)

39. Respective of the study of Fayol and Taylor was
(A) Administrative theory, Macro economics
(B) Bureaucratic structures, chains of command
(C) Senior Managers, effective
(D) All managers, First line Managers
Answer: (D)

40. Which one of the following is not a component of synergies?
(A) Economies of scale and scope
(B) Impact of learning curve
(C) Economies of financial strategies
(D) Economies of corporate and competitive positioning
Answer: (B)

41. Which one of the following statement is false?
(A) Acquisition of fixed asset is of no concern to the Finance Manager.
(B) The Finance Manager has to keep a proper balance in the procurement and use of fund.
(C) Finance function is important as any other function in an organisation.
(D) Debentures and Loans from financial institutions are very important source of long-term funds.
Answer: (A)

42. Motives for holding cash do not include:
(A) Transaction motive
(B) Precautionary motive
(C) Speculative motive
(D) Investment motive
Answer: (D)

43. CAPM stands for
(A) Capital Asset Pricing Model
(B) Capital Allocation Pricing Model
(C) Cost Allocation Pricing Model
(D) Cost Asset Pricing Model
Answer: (A)

44. Vertical mergers take place when the firms are involved in
(A) Similar business activities
(B) Similar stage of production or service in the value chain
(C) Different stages of production or services in the value chain
(D) None of the above
Answer: (C)

45. In the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) model, the horizontal and vertical axis represents respectively
(A) Market Demand, Market Price
(B) Market Share, Market Growth Rate
(C) Market Return, Market Risk
(D) Market Supply, Market Securities

Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. Answer the questions from 46 to 50. Choose your answers from the passage only.
Aspects of the past are increasingly used in the construction of tourism products for a number of expanding and varied markets. Such historical tourism includes trips principally motivated by aspects of the past, but also historical excursions and activities undertaken during non-historically motivated holidays.
The tourism product may be composed of preserved, collected and interpreted historical artefacts, sites, buildings, districts and even whole towns, including memories and associations of places with historical events and personalities. The selection from the past as a quarry of possibilities and its presentation for contemporary consumption results in heritage which may draw upon folklore, mythology and products of the human creative literary and artistic imagination. Historical tourists may be motivated by a search for identity or fantasy.
Historical and heritage tourism are almost synonymous and have an overlapping relationship with many other forms of tourism. These include the historical aspects of cultural, art and festival tourism, many aspects of place-specific and ethnic tourism including flows, costume and gastronomy, and those trips associated with museums, art galleries, monuments and archaeological and historical sites. More broadly, historical tourism accounts for a large proportion of urban tourism.
Answer: (B)

46. Historical aspects are used in the composition of
(A) Tourism products
(B) Economic benefits
(C) Monuments
Answer: (A)

47. Tourism products are composed of
(A) Artefacts, sites, towns and historical events
(B) Buildings, districts, memories and historical personalities
(C) None of the above
(D) All the above
Answer: (D)

48. Point out the pair of words which show the synonymity in historical aspects:
(A) Historical and heritage
(B) Historical and community
(C) Heritage and community
(D) Heritage and sustainable tourism
Answer: (A)

49. Tourism based on past is motivated by a search for
(A) Identity or Fantasy
(B) Monuments
(C) Folklores
(D) Mythology
Answer: (A)

50. To know about ethnic aspects of historical tourism one should visit
(A) Libraries
(B) Museums and art galleries
(C) Archives
(D) Palaces
Answer: (B)

2013 June UGC NET Solved Question Paper in Tourism Administration and Management, Paper II

1. A type of tourist who seeks novelty at all costs even discomfort and danger and avoids contact with other tourists
(A) Drifter
(B) Adventurer
(C) Psychocentric
(D) Diver
Answers: (A)

2. During which period India celebrated “Explore India Year”?
(A) 1981 – 1982
(B) 1991 – 1992
(C) 1999 – 2000
(D) 2009 – 2010
Answers: (C)

3. The term ‘Gastronomy” refers to an aspect of
(A) Space tourism
(B) Medical tourism
(C) Cultural tourism
(D) Marine tourism
Answers: (C)

4. The headquarter of UNWTO is situated at
(A) Paris
(B) London
(C) New York
(D) Madrid
Answers: (D)

5. Where is the headquarter of World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)?
(A) Brussels
(B) Madrid
(C) Amsterdam
(D) Rome
Answers: (Wrong question)

6. Mughal official name of Tajmahal is
(A) Begum Mumtaz Makbara
(B) Roza-i Munawwara
(C) Roza-i Mumtaz Begum
(D) Roza-i Mumtaz Mahal
Answers: (B)

7. Complete tourism study shouldcomprise the study of
(A) Geography, environment and ecology
(B) History, heritage and culture
(C) Economics and Management
(D) All of the above
Answers: (D)

8. Imambara is
(A) A congregational mosque
(B) A large hall for observing Muharram and for storing tazias
(C) Audience hall
(D) A residential centre for spiritual study
Answers: ()

9. What is equivalent of one nautical mile, used in aviation and shipping?
(A) 1.852 km
(B) 1.610 km
(C) 1.230 km
(D) 1.100 km
Answers: (A)

10. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I                        List – II
(River)                         (Origin of place)
I. Narmada                  1. Mahabaleshwar
II. Tapi                                    2. Brahmagiri
III. Kaveri                   3. Betulwww.ugcnet-info.blogspot.com
IV. Krishna                 4. Amarkantak
Codes:
      I II III IV
(A) 4 3 2 1
(B) 4 2 3 1
(C) 1 2 3 4
(D) 2 1 4 3
Answers: (A)
11. The coral reefs in India are found at
I. The Gulf of Mannar
II. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
III. Lakshadweep Islands
IV. Diu Island
Codes:
(A) I, II, III and IV are correct.
(B) I, II, III and IV are not correct.
(C) I, II and III are only correct.
(D) I, III and IV are only correct.
Answers: (C)

12. Avoidance, accommodating, competing, compromising and collaborating are the five options available for
(A) Organisational conflict resolution
(B) Employee dispute resolution
(C) Labour dispute resolution
(D) Industrial dispute resolution
Answers: (A)

13. Kitchen profit is also termed as gross profit and is calculated on the basis of the formula
(A) Sales – Food cost + Labour cost = Kitchen profit or Gross profit
(B) Sales – Food cost = Kitchen profit or Gross profit
(C) Sales – Ingredient cost + Labour cost = Kitchen profit or Gross profit
(D) Sales – Overheads + Labour cost = Kitchen profit or Gross profit
Answers: (B)

14. Kitchen stewarding in a hotel is responsible for
(A) Wine service
(B) Garbage disposal
(C) Salad preparation
(D) Still room
Answers: (B)

15. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I                                    List – II
(Term)                                     (Statements)
I. Continental Plan                  1. No meals are included in the room tariff
II. Modified American plan    2. All meals are included in the room tariff
III. American Plan                  3. Only breakfast is included in the room tariff
IV. European Plan                  4. Breakfast and one meal is included in the room tariff
Codes:
      I II III IV
(A) 2 3 1 4
(B) 1 2 4 3
(C) 4 1 3 2
(D) 3 4 2 1
Answers: (D)

16. Which cruise ship was grounded off at Tuscan Island (near Italy) on January 16, 2012?
(A) Star Cruise
(B) Oasis
(C) Costa Concordia
(D) Elizabeth
Answers: (C)

17. Which is the largest cruise ship in the world?
(A) Oasis
(B) Queen Merry II
(C) Star Libra
(D) RCCL Caribbean
Answers: (A)

18. Which is not a major sea port of India?
(A) Ennore
(B) Tuticorin
(C) Vishakhapatnam
(D) Yanam
Answers: (D)

19. What percentage of oxygen is used in gas cylinder of SCUBA diving?
(A) 100 %
(B) 80 %
(C) 60 %
(D) 50 %
Answers: (C)

20. According to the survey by National Geographic and International Poling firm Globescan on 17 large countries, which country stands first in “Greendex-2010” for better environment?
(A) Brazil
(B) New Zealand
(C) South Africa
(D) India
Answers: (D)
21. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I                                                            List – II
(Name of the Company / Travel agency)        (Year of establishment)
I. Thomas Cook India Ltd.                             1. 1963
II. SITA World Travel, India                                     2. 1948www.ugcnet-info.blogspot.com
III. Mercury Travels                                        3. 1978
IV. Travel Corporation of India (TCI)           4. 1961
Codes:
      I II III IV
(A) 1 3 4 2
(B) 4 1 2 3
(C) 3 1 2 4
(D) 2 4 1 3
Answers: (C)

22. J.N. Katgara is described as the first Indian to establish the travel agency business in India. Name the agency which he established in 1920.
(A) Jeena & Company
(B) Lee & Muirhead India Pvt. Ltd.
(C) Jamnadas and Co. Ltd.
(D) Mercury Travels
Answers: (A)

23. Inwhich city, Office of Bureau of Immigration is not located?
(A) Hyderabad
(B) Amritsar
(C) Varanasi
(D) Bangaluru
Answers: (C)

24. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I                        List – II
(Type of US Visa)       (Description)
I. F-1                           1. Visitor Visa Tourism
II. M                            2. Foreign Student Visa
III. B-2                        3. Vocational Student
IV. I                            4. Foreign Media
Codes:
      I II III IV
(A) 2 3 1 4
(B) 3 2 1 4
(C) 2 1 3 4
(D) 1 2 3 4
Answers: (A)

25. Who was the most influential travel agent in Egypt during the last quarter of 19th century?
(A) J.N. Katgara
(B) John Thompson
(C) John Mason Cook
(D) Cox
Answers: (C)

26. The people element in service marketing mix includes
(A) Customers only
(B) Employees only
(C) All human actors
(D) Suppliers only
Answers: (C)

27. A customer in a bar purchasing a glass of beer may go right to the purchase decision skipping information search and evaluation is referred
(A) Automatic response loop
(B) Post purchase behaviour
(C) Consumer response management
(D) Customer relationship
Answers: (A)

28. Who adopted the product life cycle model to the tourism industry and created Tourism Area Life Cycle Theory in 1980?
(A) Baum Tom
(B) Butler R.W.
(C) Cooper, Chris
(D) Oliver R.L.
Answers: (B)

29. Markets segmented into light medium and heavy user groups refers to
(A) Psychographic segmentation
(B) Behavioural segmentation
(C) Demographic segmentation
(D) Geographic segmentation
Answers: (B)

30. Market coverage strategies include
(A) Concentrated marketing
(B) Structural attractiveness
(C) Physical attributes differentiation
(D) Order routine specification
Answers: (A)

31. Necessary involvement of the service providers emotions in the delivery of service is termed as
(A) Service culture
(B) Organisation culture
(C) Emotional labour
(D) Emotional appeals
Answers: (C)

32. In recreational planning, a new technique was followed from 1990 and it is defined as follows. Indicate the correct definition.
(A) It is known as carrying capacity technique
(B) It is known as Delphi technique.
(C) It is known as recreation and tourism planning.
(D) Recreational planning and managements.
Answers: (B)

33. “Incredible India” campaign was launched in the year
(A) 2000
(B) 2001
(C) 2002
(D) 2003
Answers: (C)

34. In 1975 the Irritation Index Theory was presented by
(A) Butler, R.W
(B) Doxey, GV
(C) Roxy, D.C
(D) Jaffri, J
Answers: (B)

35. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I                                    List – II
(Measurement of Scale)          (Example of scale)
I. Nominal                               1. Attitudinal Scale: 10-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50 etc.
II. Ordinal                               2. Attitude: Favourable – unfavourable
III. Infernal                             3. Income above average, Average, below average
IV. Ratio                                 4. Age, years/ months
Codes:
      I II III IV
(A) 2 4 2 1
(B) 2 3 1 4
(C) 1 2 3 4
(D) 3 2 1 4
Answers: (B)

36. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I                                    List – II
(Types of Studies)                   (Characteristics)
I. Trend Studies                      1. Cross-sectional or longitudinal
II. Cohort Studies                   2. Through analysis of an individual
III. Case Studies                     3. Placebo experimental design
IV. Blind Studies                    4. Past, Present and future
Codes:
      I II III IV
(A) 1 3 4 2
(B) 2 3 1 4
(C) 4 1 2 3
(D) 3 2 1 4
Answers: (C)

37. Relationship of two or more variables is examined excluding some other variables in case of
(A) Complex correlations
(B) Multiple correlations
(C) Partial correlations
(D) Single correlations
Answers: (C)

38. The central unit indicates the sample distribution of means when it
(A) is always normal
(B) is always normal for large sample size
(C) approaches normality due to increase in sample size
(D) Approaches normality only when it exceeds more than 10,000 sample size
Answers: (C)

39. Cross-sectional research design is described as
(A) A type of research design used to gather data from the entire population more than once.
(B) Atype of research design applied to assimilation of data from an identified population frequency.
(C) A type of research design involved to collect information from a small sample in two successive times.
(D) A type of research design involving the collection of information from any given sample population elements only once.
Answers: (A)

40. Emigration check not required (ECNR), status passport are granted to
I. Indian Nationals from abroad
II. All holders of diplomatic passport
III. All income tax payers
IV. All graduates and professional degree holders
Codes:
(A) I, II, III are correct.
(B) II, III & IV are correct.
(C) All of the above are correct.
(D) Only IV is correct.
Answers: (C)

41. Repetitiveness is identified as a major dimension of
(A) Communicating
(B) Directing
(C) Leadership
(D) Planning
Answers: (D)

42. According to Maslow’s Theory of Need Hierarchy
(A) Higher order needs would be satisfied first.
(B) Lower order needs would be satisfied first.
(C) There is no pattern of satisfaction of need.
(D) Need and wants are one and same.
Answers: (B)

43. Measuring performance, comparing measured performance to standards and taking corrective action are the three main steps in
(A) Directing process
(B) Controlling process
(C) Planning process
(D) Communicating process
Answers: (B)

44. The minimum rate of return, which the investors of firm expect to earn on its investment proposal, is called
(A) Cost of capital
(B) Value of investment
(D) Current liabilities
Answers: (A)

45. Which one of the following is not a trading account item?
(A) Purchases
(B) Fuel
(C) Power
(D) Salary to Sales Manager
Answers: (D)

Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow based on understanding of the passage Answer (46 – 50):
The Collage Technique
Collage (Schlackman, 1989: Solomon et al., 1999; Schiffman and Kanuk 2000: Moisander and Valtonen, 2006) is a projective technique that can be described as a method in which participants are asked to represent a topic or phenomenon visually by composing and gluing together a collage of images drawings and texts on a piece of cardboard or paper (Moisander and Valtonen, 2006; 96).
From this representation, an interpretation is made using a perceptual diagram that differentiates three perceptual levels; observation level, evaluative level and levels of values and feelings. The observation level considers the most objective image about the resources of the city, including tangible resources, such as infrastructure, urban development and buildings and intangible resources such as traditions, customs and personality traits associated with the residents (Kotler et al., 1993.) The evaluative level reveals their attitudes towards each one of the issues identified in the preceding level and, finally, the last level reflects the subjective perception of the city, linked with the values and feelings that it transmits (Laaksonen et al., 2006).

46. Collage technique is
(A) To show the images of destinations to the tourists.
(B) To provide accommodation on cheaper rate.
(C) To provide travelling cost.
(D) To display peculiar sites to the tourists.
Answers: (A)

47. Collage research method is
(A) Quantitative method ofresearch
(B) Qualitative method of research
(C) Survey and data collection method
(D) Snow-balling method
Answers: (B)

48. Tangible resources are
(A) Infrastructure
(B) Urban development
(C) Buildings
(D) All of the above
Answers: (D)

49. Intangible resources are
(A) Palaces to visit
(B) Hotels to stay
(C) Restaurant to eat
(D) None of the above
Answers: (D)

50. Collage Research Method represents
(A) Neutral image of the city
(B) Subjective Perception of the city
(C) Objective Perception of the city
(D) Traditional image of the city
Answers: (B)