1.
Match List-I (authors) with List-II (definitions of history) and select the correct
answer with the help of the codes given below:
List
– I List – II
(Authors)
(Definitions of History)
(a)
Oakshott (i) All history is
history of thought.
(b)
Travelyan (ii) History is
herself simply a science, no less and no more.
(c)
Collingwood (iii) The fact is …
that the past in history varies with the present.
(d)
Bury (iv) The value
of history is not scientific. Its true value is educational.
Codes:
(a)
(b) (c) (d)
(A)
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(B)
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(C)
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(D)
(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
Answer: (A)
2.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given
below:
List
– I List
– II
(a)
Paleolithic (i) Ground stone tools
(b)
Mesolithic (ii)
Rock painting
(c)
Neolithic (iii)
Flaked stone tools
(d)
Upper Paleolithic (iv) Micro
lithic tools
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
(B)
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(C)
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)www.ugcnet-info.blogspot.com/
(D)
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
Answer: (C)
3.
The largest number of Harappan sites has been found on the bank of the river
(A)
Indus
(B)
Satluj
(C)
Saraswati
(D)
Ravi
Answer: (C)
4.
What was the unique feature of the Harappan civilization which was unknown to other
contemporary civilizations?
(A)
Cotton Cloth
(B)
Palatial Houses
(C)
Steatite Seals
(D)
Carnelian Beads
Answer: (A)
5.
Match List-I (Place name) with List-II (Geographical location) and select the
correct answer from the code given below:
List
– I List – II
(a)
Meluha (i) Bahrin
(b)
Dilmun (ii) Indus Region
(c)
Makan (iii) Central
Asia
(d)
Kurgaon (iv) Makaran Coast
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(B)
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(C)
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(D)
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
Answer: (C)
6.
Who was the first to propound the theory of Aryan invasion on India?
(A)
R.E.M. Wheeler
(B)
Gorden V. Childe
(C)
J. Marshall
(D)
R.P. Chanda
Answer: (D)
7.
The famous philosopher king of the kingdom of Panchala during the later Vedic
period was
(A)
Ajatasatru
(B)
Parikshita
(C)
PravahanaJaivali
(D)
Svetaketu
Answer: (C)
8.
Who among the following Dharmasutra writers does not approve the system of
Niyoga?
(A)
Gautama
(B)
Apastamba
(C)
Baudhayana
(D)
Vasishtha
Answer: (B)
9.
Several names of Kautilya have been mentioned in which one of the following?
(A)
Devi-Chandra-Guptam
(B)
Dasa-Kumara-Charita
(C)
Mudrarakshasa
(D)
Abhidhana-Chintamani
Answer: (D)
10.
Which among the following places is not associated with the Megalithic culture?
(A)
Chandragiri
(B)
Brahmagiri
(C)
Adichchanallur
(D)
Utnur
Answer: (C)
11.
What is the correct chronological order of the following Greco-Roman authors?
(a)
Ktesias
(b)
Pliny
(c)
Strabo
(d)
Ptolemy
(A)
(b), (c), (d), (a)
(B)
(a), (c), (b), (d)
(C)
(c), (d), (a), (b)
(D)
(d), (b), (c), (a)
Answer: (B)
12.
The seat of the third great Sangam of Tamil authors was at
(A)
Gangaikond Cholapuram
(B)
Kanchi
(C)
Madura
(D)
Tanjavur
Answer: (C)
13.
Which among the following was not a port city during the ancient period?
(A)
Tuticorin
(B)
Poompuhar
(C)
Tamralipti
(D)
Nagapatnam
Answer: (A)
14.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given
below:www.ugcnet-info.blogspot.com/
List
– I List
– II
(a)
RomakaSidhanta (i) Arabian’s
influence
(b)
Rouletted Ware (ii)
Greek’s influence
(c)
Surkhi (iii)
Roman’s influence
(d)
Algebra (iv)
Kushan’sinfluence
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(B)
(iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(C)
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(D)
(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
Answer: (A)
15.
Which one of the following inscriptions mentions the names of both Chandragupta
and Ashoka?
(A)
Allahabad Pillar inscription of Samudragupta.
(B)
Junagarh inscription of Rudradaman.
(C)
Shahbajgarhi inscription of Ashoka.
(D)
Hathigumpha inscription of Kharvela.
Answer: (B)
16.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given
below:
List
– I List – II
(a)
Nyāya (i) Jamini
(b)
Vaiseshika (ii) Kapila
(c)
Sānkhya (iii) Kaāda
(d)
Mimansa (iv) Gautam
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(B)
(ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(C)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(D)
(iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
Answer: (C)
17.
In connection with Satvahana coins which one of the following statement is not
correct?
(A)
They did not issue gold coins.
(B)
They issued gold coins.
(C)
They issued lead coins.
(D)
They issued potin coins.
Answer: (B)
18.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from codes given below:
List
– I List – II
(a)
Kodumanal (i) Pallava Temple
(b)
Gangaikondan (ii) Port City
(c)
Mahabalipuram (iii) Trade Centre
(d)
Poompuhar (iv) Chola Seat of
Power
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(B)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(C)
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(D)
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Answer: (D)
19.
With which of the following eras was the Malava-reckoning identical?
(A)
Vikrama
(B)
Śaka
(C)
Gupta
(D)
Kali
Answer: (A)
20.
In which among the following a reference to the trading activities of the
Tamils is found?
(A)
Mullaippattu
(B)
Nedunalvadai
(C)
Silappadigaram
(D)
Manimekhalai
Answer: (C)
21.
The writer of Kural, the famous Deccan epic was
(A)
Kamban
(B)
Ottakuttan
(C)
Puglenid
(D)
Tiru-Valluvar
Answer: (D)
22.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given
below:
List
– I List
– II
(a)
Tolkāppiyama (i) Jain Philosophy
(b)
Tir–ukkural (ii)
Love Story
(c)
Silappadikāram (iii)
Tamil Grammar
(d)
Paripā ′ dal (iv)
Philosophy
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(B)
(iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
(C)
(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
(D)
(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
Answer: (B)
23.
Which Indian epigraph yields the first evidence of zero?
(A)
Apsad inscription of Adityasena.
(B)
Gwalior inscription of Bhojdeva.
(C)
Nasik inscription of Gotamiputra Satkarni.
(D)
Hathigumpha inscription of Kharvela.
Answer: (B)
24.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion
(A): Pallava King Mahendra-Varman I built some of the finest rock-cut Hindu
temples, including, those at Mahabalipuram.
Reason
(R): Mahendra-Varman I began life as a Jaina but was converted to Shaivism.
In
the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
25.
Arrange the following into sequential order and select the correct answer from
the codes given below:
(i)
RajarajaChola I
(ii)
AdityaChola
(iii)
RajendraChola
(iv)
ParantakaChola I
Codes:
(A)
(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(B)
(ii), (iv), (i), (iii)
(C)
(iii), (iv), (ii), (i)
(D)
(iv), (iii), (i), (ii)
Answer: (B)
26.
Which of the following statements are not correct?
1.
Iltutmish’s tomb is an indication of the mixing of the Hindu and Muslim traditions
of architecture.
2.
First true arch was used in the tomb of Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud.
3.
The horse shoe arch was used for the first time in the construction of Alai
Darwaza.
4.
Architectural device known as double dome was not used in any building
constructed during the Sultanate period.
Select
your answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
(A)
1, 3, 4
(B)
2, 4
(C)
1, 3
(D)
2, 3, 4
Answer: (B)
27.
The period from 1236 to 1296 witnessed the reign of
(A)
Five Sultans
(B)
Seven Sultans
(C)
Ten Sultans
(D)
Twelve Sultans
Answer: (C)
28.
Which of the following statements is not correct?
(A)
In Delhi Sultanate use of slave labour in craft production was significant.
(B)
Slaves were also used for unskilled, domestic work.
(C)
Sultan FiruzTughlaq had 12,000 artisans among his slaves.
(D)
Immigrant Muslim masons were employed for the construction of Sultanate
buildings, including both mosques and tombs.
Answer: (D)
29.
Which crops were not cultivated in India during the Sultanate period?
1.
Potato
2.
Barley
3.
Sesame
4.
Maize
Select
your answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
(A)
1, 2, 3
(B)
1, 2
(C)
1, 4
(D)
3, 4
Answer: (C)
30.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given
below:
List
– I List
– II
(Rulers
of Delhi Sultanate) (Measure
or event)
(a)
Jalaluddin Khalji (i)
Conquest of Bengal
(b)
Alauddin Khalji (ii)
Establishment of the Department of Public Works
(c)
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (iii)
Execution of Sidi Maula
(d)
Firuz Shah Tughlaq (iv)
Conquest of Malwa and Gujarat
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(B)
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(C)
(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(D)
(i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
Answer: (B)
31.
The names of the three successors of Khizr Khan, the founder of the Saiyyid
dynasty, are given below:
(i)
Mabarak Shah
(ii)
Alauddin Alam Shah
(iii)
Muhammad Shah
Which
of the following sequences represents the correct chronological order?
(A)
(i), (ii), (iii)
(B)
(i), (iii), (ii)
(C)
(iii), (ii), (i)
(D)
(ii), (iii), (i)
Answer: (B)
32.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given
below:
List
– I List
– II
(Sufi
terminology) (Meaning)
(a)
Futuh (i)
Sufi musical gathering
(b)
Sama (ii)
Conversations of Sufi saints
(c)
Barkat (iii)
Unasked for charity
(d)
Malfuz (iv)
Spiritual grace acquired by a Sufi
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
(B)
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(C)
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(D)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
Answer: (B)
33.
Who calls the political economy of the Vijayanagara regime of the sixteenth
century as feudal?
(A)
N. Karashima
(B)
Burton Stein
(C)
K.V. Ramesh
(D)
N. Venkataramanyya
Answer: (A)
34.
Consider the following statements:
(i)
Guru Nanak was interested in all the major forms of contemporary religious
beliefs and practices whether “Hindu” or “Muslim”.
(ii)
Guru Nanak was soft on the Jain monks.
(iii)
He considered ritual reading of scriptures as waste of time.
(iv)
During the last fifteen years of his life Guru Nanak settled at Kiratpur.
Which
of the above statements are not correct? Select your answer from the codes
given below:
Codes:
(A)
(i) and (ii)
(B)
(i) and (iv)
(C)
(ii) and (iii)
(D)
(ii) and (iv)
Answer: (D)
35.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion
(A): Like his father and Surs, Humayan was not willing to recognize any power politically
superior to him.
Reason
(R): He himself assumed the title of Khalifa.
In
the context of the above statements, which one of the followings is correct?
Codes:
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (C)
36.
Who stated that the ‘best place for a woman is the purdah or the grave?
(A)
Amir Khusrau
(B)
Isami
(C)
Badauni
(D)
Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi
Answer: (C)
37.
Who justified Mughal attack on Malwa by saying that Baz Bahadur occupied
himself with “unlawful and vicious practices”?
(A)
Nizamuddin Ahmad
(B)
Abdul Qadir Badauni
(C)
Arif Qandhari
(D)
Abul Fazl
Answer: (A)
38.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion
(A): The art of painting reached its highest watermark during Jahanagir’s
reign.
Reason
(R): He was not interested in other forms of art.
In
the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?
Codes:
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (C)
39.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled
as Reason (R).
Assertion
(A): The advent of the European trading companies in India adversely affected
India’s export trade during the seventeenth century.
Reason
(R): Large quantities of silver found its way into India due to the trading
activities of the English East India Company in the seventeenth century.
In
the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (D)
40.
Which of the following officers was not associated with the administration of
cities in the Mughal Empire?
(A)
Nazim
(B)
Qazi
(C)
Mir-i-adl
(D)
Kotwal
Answer: (A)
41.
Consider the following statements:
(i)
Shah Jahan discontinued Jharokhadarshan and tuladana.
(ii)
Shah Jahan refused to grant land to Shanti Das, the leading Jain Jeweller and
banker of Ahmedabad to build a resting place for Jain saints.
(iv)
Shah Jahan exempted the theologians from offering Sijda.
Which
of the above statements are not correct? Select the correct answer from the
codes given below:
Codes:
(A)
(i) and (ii)
(B)
(ii) and (iii)
(C)
(ii) and (iv)
(D)
(i) and (iv)
Answer: (A)
42.
Which Mughal Court Chronicle given an account of the Ahom Kingdom of Assam?
(A)
Padshahnama
(B)
Alamgirnama
(C)
Futuhat-i-Alamgiri
(D)
Maasir-i-Alamgiri
Answer: (B)
43.
Which historian has spoken of tripartite relationship between zamindars,
jagirdars and peasants as the reason for the crisis of the Mughal Empire and
its decline?
(A)
Stephan P. Blake
(B)
M. Athar Ali
(C)
Satish Chandra
(D)
C.A. Bayly
Answer: (C)
44.
Consider the following statements:
(i)Shivaji
could check the Deccan power from intruding into his swaraj territory.
(ii)
He could plunder Surat in 1664.
(iii)
He could withstand the attacks of Shaista Khan and MirzaRaja Jai Singh.
(iv)
Bijapur and Golconda were annexed by the Mughals to undermine the position of Shivaji.
Which
of the above statements are not correct? Select the correct answer from the
codes given below:
Codes:
(A)
(i) and (iii)
(B)
(i) and (iv)
(C)
(ii) and (iii)
(D)
(iii) and (iv)
Answer: (D)
45.
Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(A)
Ahdi Gentleman trooper
(B)
Ashraf A person of noble birth
(C)
Jama-i-Kamil Assessment of revenue at normal rate
(D)
SiwanahNigar News reporter
Answer: (C)
46.
Which of the following statements is not correct?
(A)
Horses constituted a very large item of India’s overland import.
(B)
VirjiVohra was one of the prominent merchants of Suratduring the 17thcentury.
(C)
The Portuguese dominated India’s maritime trade during the 17thcentury.
(D)
Many Mughal nobles participated in trade and commerce during the 17thcentury.
Answer: (C)
47.
Which of the following statements is not correct?
(A)
Monetary system of the Mughals was largely based on silver rupaiya.
(B)
The Mughal rulers from Babur to Shah Jahan continued to harbour territorial
ambitions in Central Asia.
(C)
There was no middle class in Mughal India.
(D)
The period 1605-1658 witnessed significant changes in the Mansab and Jagir systems.
Answer: (C)
48.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion
(A): With the acquisition of Diwani of Bengal the Company directly organized the
‘drain of wealth’.
Reason
(R): The Company began to send to England the revenue of Bengal through what
were called “Investment”.
In
the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
49.
The biggest British capital investment in India was made in
(A)
The Jute Mills
(B)
The Railways, Banking, Insurance and Shipping.
(C)
The Tea and Coffee Plantations.
(D)
The Indigo Plantations.
Answer: (B)
50.
Who said: ‘The misery hardly finds a parallel in the history of commerce. The bones
of the cotton weavers are bleaching the plains of India.”?
(A)
William Bentinck
(B)
G.M. Trevelyan
(C)
C. Metcalfe
(D)
Lord. Auckland
Answer: (A)
51.
Who said, “Imparting education to natives is our moral duty”?
(A)
Warren Hastings
(B)
Wellesly
(C)
William Bentinck
(D)
Lord Moira
Answer: (D)
52.
After 1833 the single biggest source of drain of Indian wealth to Britain was
(A)
Export of opium
(B)
Export of indigo
(C)
British capital investment in India
(D)
Export of cotton
Answer: (C)
53.
Which of the following is not one of the causes responsible for the rise of
moneylenders in British India?
(A)
New Revenue Policy
(B)
New Legal System
(C)
New Educational System
(D)
Commercialization of Agriculture
Answer: (C)
54.
What was the common feature between the Wahabi and Kuka movements?
(A)
Both began as religious movement, but drifted to become political movement.
(B)
Both were political and economic movement.
(C)
Both followed the path of Ahinsa.
(D)
Both not suffered from certain weaknesses, such as communal passions,
fanaticism and division with ranks.
Answer: (A)
55.
Who of the following was the biographer of Raja Rammohan Roy?
(A)
Armstrong
(B)
Mary Carpenter
(C)
David Havel
(D)
Lawrence
Answer: (B)
56.
The LexLoci Act gave
(A)
No right over the ancestral properties for the Christian converts.
(B)
The Christian converts the right to inherit their ancestral properties.
(C)
No right over the ancestral properties for the converts from Buddhist religion.
(D)
The right to inherit the ancestralproperties for the converts fromJain
religion.
Answer: (B)
57.
Due to whose efforts Widow Remarriage Act was passed?
(A)
Raja Rammohan Roy
(B)
IshwarchandraVidyasagar
(C)
D.K. Karve
(D)
M.G. Ranade
Answer: (B)
58.
In which year the Indian association for the cultivation of science was
established?
(A)
1874
(B)
1875
(C)
1876
(D)
1877
Answer: (C)
59.
The Act Prohibiting Child Marriages was passed in 1891 due to the efforts of
(A)
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagarand Jyotiba Phule.
(B)
Mahadev Govind Ranade and JyotibaPhule.www.ugcnet-info.blogspot.com/
(C)
Keshab Chandra Sen and Behramji Malabari.
(D)
Keshab Chandra Sen and Mahadev Govind Ranade.
Answer: (C)
60.
Shri Narayan Dharma Paripalana Yogam of Kerala worked for
(A)
Upliftment of dalits and peasants.
(B)
Women’s education.
(C)
Eradication of child labour.
(D)
The Hindu widow remarriage.
Answer: (A)
61.
The name ‘Indian National Congress’ was given by
(A)
Dadabhai Naoroji
(B)
M.G. Ranade
(C)
S.N. Bannerjee
(D)
A.O. Hume
Answer: (A)
62.
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer with the help of the
codes given below:
List
– I List
– II
(Name)
(Newspaper)
(a)
Abul Kalam Azad i Bombay Chronicle
(b)
Pheroze Shah Mehta ii Al Hilal
(c)
Mrs. Annie Besant iii Young
India
(d)
Mahatma Gandhi iv New India
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A)
ii i iv iii
(B)
i ii iv iii
(C)
ii i iii iv
(D)
iv i ii iii
Answer: (A)
63.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion
(A): Avesta is the sacred book of Parsis.
Reason
(R): Madam Cama made significant contribution in reforming the Parsi society
and uplifting the Parsi women.
In
the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not a correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
64.
The first woman who got nominated to the Madras Legislative Council in 1927 was
(A)
Muthulakshmi Reddy
(B)
Sister Subbalakshmi
(C)
Mehribai Tata
(D)
Margaret Counsins
Answer: (A)
65.
The Indian National Congress became a real mass based political party after the
(A)
Nagpur Session of the Congress in 1891.
(B)
Nagpur Session of the Congress in 1920.
(C)
Kanpur Session of the Congress in 1928.
(D)
Faizpur Session of the Congress in 1936.
Answer: (B)
66.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion
(A): Soon after the resignation of the Congress Ministries in the provinces in
1939, the Muslim League observed a deliverance day.
Reason
(R): Ambedkar supported it.
In
the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
67.
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion
(A): After the Civil War in U.S.A. blacks faced difficulty regarding voting
right.
Reason
(R): Some Southern States of U.S.A. made it mandatory to have either the name
of grandfather or father in the electoral list of 1860.
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C)
(A) is true and (R) is false.
(D)
(A) is false and (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
68.
Who among the following said: “To define the postmodernism is not just to define
a term. It is to characterize the present age and to assess how we should
respond to it.”?
(A)
J.F. Lyotard
(B)
Arran Gare
(C)
J.G. Merquior
(D)
None of the above
Answer: (B)
69.
Consider the following statements and point out the one which is incorrect in
the context of research methodology:
(A)
Subjective approach in Historical writing makes it possible to present a true picture
of the past.
(B)
External and internal criticism helps the historian to establish the
authenticity of the records.
(C)
To critically analyze the past happenings the historian needs to know the order
of their occurrence.
(D)
Historical records of the past may not be wholly authentic or genuine to
ascertain facts.
Answer: (A)
70.
Consider the following statement: ‘Before the scientific revolution of 17th century,
history writing in the west suffered from certain weaknesses.’
Which
one of the following justifies the above?
(A)
Most of the writers were ignorant about the idea of change through time.
(B)
The subject matter of history was treated more or less as a branch of
literature or philosophy.
(C)
Both (A) and (B)
(D)
None of the above
Answer: (C)
The recruitment of the company’s army in
the eighteenth century was not just building on the existing traditions of the
North Indian military labour market; those traditions were being adopted to British
imperial preferences. The recruitment system for example, endorsed the
traditional British preference for peasants as best potential recruits and
followed the colonial stereotypes that wheat-eating Indians rather than the rice-eating
groups were physically more suitable for the job, although such ethnic
stereotyping became a much more important factor in army recruitment in the
late nineteenth century rather than in the eighteenth. During the initial
formative phase, Hastings did not want to disturb the existing caste rules in
the affairs of the army. So the Company’s army consisted mainly of upper caste Brahman
and Rajput landed peasants from Awadh and the Rajput and Bhumihar Brahman
peasants from north and south Bihar-both wheat eating regions. These people
joined the Company’s army because the pay, allowances, pension and resettlement
provisions offered by the Company were much better than those offered by the
regional States, and what was most important, salaries were paid regularly. The
deliberate policy of respecting caste, dietary, travel and others religious
practices of the Sepoys fostered a high caste identity of the Company’s army.
By joining it many of the upcoming socially ambitious castes like the Bhumihar-
Brahmans could fulfill their aspirations for social mobility. Cornwallis,
despite his preference for Anglicisation, did not disturb this specific
organization of the army, and as a result, the Company came to possess a high
caste army, which was prone to revolt when their social privileges and
pecuniary benefits were cut from the 1820s. As the Company’s territories
expanded to the west beyond the Bengal frontiers into the mountainous Jungle
Terai, in the 1770s and then into the Ceded and Conquered Districts in 1802 there
was another attempt to recruit from among the hill tribes. While in the plains
the Company ran permanent recruitment centers, in the hills recruitment was
made through local notables and payment was offered through the Mughal system
of ghatwali service tenures. The defeat of the Indian States, particularly of
Mysore in the late eighteenth and of the Marathas in the early nineteenth
centuries created another vast reservoir of surplus armed manpower to recruit
from; but the Company’s army could not absorb all the disbanded soldiers of the
Indian princes. Then from 1815 there was another experiment to recruit Gurkha
soldiers from among the Nepalis, Garwahlis, and Sirmourihill men. A skillful
blending of the Nepali martial tradition and European training and discipline made
the Gurkhas the most trusted soldiers in the British army.
71.
The recruitment of the Company’s army was based on
(A)
The existing traditions of military labour market.
(B)
Preferred peasants as best potential recruits.
(C)
Colonial stereotypes.
(D)
Physically suitable.
Answer: (AB)
72.
The Company’s army consisted of
(A)
Upper Caste Brahman and Rajput.
(B)
Landed Peasants from Bihar and Bengal.
(C)
People from rice eating regions.
(D)
People only from South.
Answer: (A)
73.
What kind of payment system British followed in army recruitment?
(A)
Malgujari
(B)
Ghatwali
(C)
Mahalwari
(D)
Yadgari
Answer: (B)
74.
Company could not absorb disbanded soldiers after early nineteenth century because
(A)
It had surplus army.
(B)
Company was weak economically.
(C)
Company did not want more Indian force.
(D)
Of religious considerations.
Answer: (A)
75.
Gurkhas became most trusted soldiers because
(A)
They were experts in martial art.
(B)
They were hill men.
(C)
They were disciplined.
(D)
They were experts in Guerilla war.
Answer: (AC)
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